Graft Hybrids Bibliography


Genetics Today: Proceedings of the XI International Congress of Genetics (1963) p. 218-219
13.29. Alterations of Hereditary Traits in Solanum melongena induced by Grafts with Solanum nigrum.
C. C. Mathon, M. Stroun and J. Stroun (Poitiers, France).
    The pupil plant is the "white round" eggplant, and the mentor plant a strain of black nightshade.
    The pupil is the epibiota and the mentor the hypobiota. Controls are represented by homografts of the pupil variety. The technical conditions are as follows: for the pupil plant: of a less advanced age than the mentor-plant and total removal of leaves all along evolution; for the mentor plant: maintenance of leaves and absence of flower-buds which are cut off as soon as they appear.
    The influence of the black nightshade mentor on the "white round" eggplant pupil became apparent only in the offsprings of the third generation of grafts. Out of 7 symbionts carrying fruit at the third generation of grafts, 2 offer in their descendency an alteration that so far prevailed down to F3: the colour of the stem is slightly purple. These anthocyanins are extremely thermolabile.
    Chromatographic analyses made so far show the Rf of anthocyanins to be different from those found in the black nightshade.
    In these interspecific grafts we did not observe any mentor-oriented alterations. However, the new traits that have become apparent in the descendency of both modified plants are of the same type, therefore, the influence of the mentor may be assumed to work in both pupils in the same direction.

Article to be published in: Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de Biologie de France, 1963; Archives des Sciences de Genève, 1963.

Genetics Today: Proceedings of the XI International Congress of Genetics (1963) p. 219
13.30. Alteration of Traits obtained in Solanum melongena as a Consequence of Inter-variety Grafts.
M. Stroun and J. Stroun (Poitiers, France).
     The "Early Violet" variety was used as mentor-plant and the "White Round" variety as pupil-plant. The mentor-epibiont / pupil-hypobiont grafting procedure is applied as follows: the pupil-plant is totally rid of its leaves all along its development, whereas the mentor-plant retains its foliage but is rid of its flower buds which are cut off. The graft is repeated on each new generation until alterations appear. Sexual crossbreeds were also made "White Round" x "Early Violet".
    The 19 homografted "White Round"/"White Round" controls did not show any alterations.
    The influence of the mentor-plant "Early Violet" on the pupil variety "White Round" appeared only at the third generation of grafts. Out of 24 fruit-bearing symbionts, 9 presented various alterations in fruit and stem colour, shape of fruit, or in a trait of the stamen. These alterations resemble the traits of the mentor variety. They are found again in the sexual descendants of the modified symbionts, studied so far down to F2. They often differ from the characteristics conveyed by sexual crossings between the two varieties used. There is a disjunction in F1, only part of the alterations being transmitted. Futhermore, new traits appear on certain plants. To all appearances therefore, grafts, as practised by the authors, seem to influence the hereditary traits of a given variety.

C. R. Acad. Sci. 255, 561-563, 1962; Arch. Sci. Genéve, 1963, to be published.

Also, Epigenetics, Gene Silencing, RNAi